青岛亚美欧国际英语培训：经典的英语成语故事之暗度陈仓

来源：青岛李沧区沃尔得英语培训学校 时间：2012-12-30

         青岛亚美欧国际英语培训中心给大家推出了一系列的少儿英语小故事。本篇讲的是暗度陈仓。详细如下。

                                                           暗度陈仓

 

        暗度陈仓比喻暗中进行某些别人不知道的活动。
       秦朝被推翻的时候，项羽、刘邦以及其他参加反秦战争的各路将领，齐集商议胜利以后怎样割据国土。当时势力强的项羽企图独霸天下，他表面上主张分地封王、分配领地，心里却已开始盘算，将来怎样一个个地消灭他们。
       项羽对一般将领都没有什么顾忌，唯独对刘邦很不放心，他知道刘邦是难对付的对手。早些时候，曾经约定：谁先攻下秦都咸阳（今陕西西安附近），谁就在关中为王。结果，首先进入咸阳的偏偏就是刘邦。关中，即今陕西一带，是秦的本土，由于秦的大力经营，关中不但物产丰富，而且军事工程也有强固的基础。项羽不愿意让刘邦当“关中王”，也不愿意他回到家乡（今江苏沛县）一带去，便故意把巴、蜀（今都在四川）和汉中（在今陕西西南山区）三个郡分给刘邦，封为汉王，以汉中的南郑为都城。想这样把刘邦关进偏僻的山里去。而把关中划作三部分，分给秦朝的降将章邯［hán］、司马欣和董翳［yì］，以便阻塞刘邦向东发展的出路。项羽自封为西楚霸王，封地九郡，占领长江中下游和淮河流域一带广大肥沃之地，以彭城（今江苏徐州）为都城

       刘邦的确也有独霸天下的野心，当然很不服气，其他将领对于自己所分得的更小的地盘也都不满。可是，慑于项羽的威势，大家都不敢违抗，只得听从支配，各就各位去了。刘邦也不得不暂时领兵西上，开往南郑，并且接受张良的计策，把一路走过的几百里栈道全部烧毁。栈道，是在险峻的悬崖上用木材架设的通道。烧毁栈道的目的是为了便于防御，而更重要的是为了迷惑项羽，使他以为刘邦真的不打算出来了，从而松懈对刘邦的戒备。

       刘邦到了南郑，发现部下有一位才能出众的军事家，那就是韩信。刘邦就拜韩信为大将，请他策划向东发展、夺取天下的军事部署。

       韩信的步计划是，先夺取关中，打开东进的大门，建立兴汉灭楚的根据地。于是派出几百名官兵去修复栈道。这时，守着关中西部的章邯听到了这个消息，不禁笑道：“谁叫你们把栈道烧毁的！你们自己断绝了出路，现在又来修复，这么大的工程，只派几百个士兵，看你们哪年哪月才得完成。”因此，章邯对于刘邦和韩信的这一行动，根本没有引起重视。

       可是，不久章邯便接到紧急报告，说刘邦的大军已攻入关中，陈仓（在今陕西宝鸡市东）被占，守将被杀。章邯起初还不相信，以为是谣言，等到证实的时候，慌忙领兵抵抗，已经来不及了。章邯被逼自杀，驻守关中东部的司马欣和北部的董翳也相继投降。号称三秦的关中地区于是一下子被刘邦全部占领了。

       原来韩信表面上派兵修复栈道，装作要从栈道出击的姿态，实际上却和刘邦统率主力部队，暗中抄小路袭击陈仓，趁章邯不备取得了胜利。这就叫做“明修栈道，暗渡陈仓”。由于这个历史故事，后来形容瞒着人偷偷摸摸地活动，并达到了目的，就叫“暗渡陈仓”或者“陈仓暗渡”。

       韩信这个计策，当初张良建议烧毁栈道的时候就曾向刘邦说过。刘邦见他们两人先后所定的计策竟然完全一样，高兴地说：“英雄所见，毕竟略同！ ”由此，后来又形成了“英雄所见略同”或“所见略同”这句成语，和成语“不谋而合”（事先未经商量而彼此的看法、态度完全一致）的含义相同。

 

       Some people do not know the parable undercover activities.

       The Qin Dynasty was overthrown, Xiang Yu, Liu Bang and other participants in the war of the various generals Qin gathered after the victory, discuss how our land.He was the strongest in an attempt to dominate the world, he proposed to King on the surface, assigned territory, he has began to plan how the future, one by one to destroy them.

       Xiang Yu of general officers have no scruples, but Liu Bang is not assured, he knows that Liu Bang is one of the most formidable opponent.Earlier, once a promise: who first Qindu Xianyang (now Shaanxi Xi'an nearby), who is the king.The results, first into Xianyang just Liu Bang.Guanzhong area, namely Shaanxi this area, Qin is a native, due to the strong operating the Qin, not only rich products, but also have a solid foundation of military engineering.Xiang Yu didn't want Liu Bang to be "the king", also does not want him back home (now the Jiangsu Peixian) area, intended to bar, Shu (now in Sichuan) and Hanzhoung (in this Shaanxi southwest a mountainous area) three counties to Liu Bang, called HW, in Hanzhoung the capital city of zheng.Would like to put Liu Bang in a remote mountain.The Guanzhong zoned for three part, to the Qin Dynasty (H á n down Zhang), Sima and Xin Dong Yi (Y ì), so as to block the way out for the development of Liu Bang to the east.Xiang Yu himself into the West Chu overlord, the fief of nine counties, occupying the middle and lower reaches of Changjiang River and Huaihe area the majority of fertile, Pengcheng (now Jiangsu in Xuzhou) as the capital

       Liu Bang does have a dominating ambition, of course, is not convinced, other generals for their share of the smaller sites are dissatisfied.But Xiang Yu, not pomp, everybody dare to disobey, had to listen to dominate, go on your marks.Liu Bang also had to temporarily led troops on the west, to Nanzheng, and accept Zhang Liang's plan, put all the way through the trestle burned hundreds of miles.The plank road, is in the steep cliff wood erected channel.Burned plank to be defensive, but more important is to confuse them, so he thinks Liu Bangzhen is not going to come out, so relax on Liu Bang.

       Liu Bang went to Nanzheng, found under a talented strategist, that is a han.Liu Bang worshipped Han Xin as general, asked him to plan east development, to win the world military deployment.

       Han Xin's first step is to capture, Guanzhong, open east the door, build Xing Han Chu to destroy.Then sent hundreds of soldiers to repair the plank road.At this time, keep the West Zhang heard the news, she laughs: "who told you to take the plank road burned!You broke out, and now restored, such a large project, sent hundreds of soldiers, you see which year which month to complete."Therefore, Zhang for Liu Bang and Han Xin in this action, there is no attention.

       However, Fuku Aki receives an urgent report, said that Liu Bang's army has scored the Guanzhong, Chen Bin (in this Shaanxi Baoji City East) were accounted for, and will be killed.Zhang initially does not believe rumor, that is, until that time, he led the army to resist, it was too late.Zhang forced Dutch act, stationed in Eastern Guanzhong northern Yan and Sima Dong Yi have to surrender.Known as the Sanqin Guanzhong region and all of a sudden all occupied by Liu Bang.

       The original Han Xin surface to repair Road, pretending to attack posture from plank road, actually and placed under the command of Liu Bang's main force, secretly copied path attack Chencang, while Zhang unprepared to victory.This is called "repairing the path along the cliff, do one thing under cover of another".Because of the historical story, later described in a sneaky way from human activities, and achieved the purpose, called "do one thing under cover of another" or "Chen Cang dark du".

       Han Xin this trick, when Zhang Liang suggested that burned along the cliff when he said to Liu Bang.Liu Bang saw the two of them have the trick was exactly the same, said happily: "the hero can see, after all the book!"Thus, later formed a "great minds think alike." or "have similar views" this idiom, and the idiom "agree without prior without previous consultation" (without prior consultation, mutual perceptions, attitudes exactly the same meaning).

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